New Geothermal Projects

http://www.theecologist.org/News/news_round_up/385372/geothermal_projects_get_funding_boost.html

SEISMIC MAP

Spa in History

Geothermal Eden

http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2009/jun/01/eden-project-geothermal-energy

How to Construct a Mountain.

Theory of fractal geometry in reconstruction of natural elements.

Fractals model complex physical processes and dynamical systems. The underlying principle of fractals is that a simple process that goes through infinitely many iterations becomes a very complex process. Fractals attempt to model the complex process by searching for the simple process underneath.

read more at: http://www.math.yale.edu/~bbm3/web_pdfs/fractalGeometryWhatIsIt.pdf
http://www.fau.edu/~ctbrown/The%20Fractal%20Geometry%20of%20Ancient%20Maya%20Settlement.pdf

who lives in geothermal pools?

Geothermal areas are more than just rocks, minerals and hot water. They are also home to unique and remarkable plants, animals and micro-organisms.
read more at: http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/hot-springs-mud-pools-and-geysers/5

Some of these species are very valuable to science because of their adaptations to extreme temperatures and toxic environments.
read more at http://www.ew.govt.nz/environmental-information/Geothermal-resources/What-lives-in-geothermal-areas/

State scientists who spent three years cataloguing micro-organisms living in geothermal systems around the Taupo volcanic zone say some of them are not found anywhere else in the world.
read more at http://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/69478/scientists-find-unique-organisms-geothermal-areas

distribution of power

Spa Economy

The global spa economy is estimated to be over $250 billion, according to a major report unveiled this week at the 2008 Global Spa Summit in New York...read more at http://www.travelindustrywire.com/article32775.html


The first ever Global Spa Economy Report was unveiled in May at... read more at
http://www.raisondetrespas.com/news/articles/Global%20Spa%20Economy%20report.pdf

The global spa industry has experienced rapid expansion in countries around the world and is a major segment within the growing market for wellness and preventive health services and products. In spite of the spa industry’s rapid growth, very little data exist to measure and compare the industry’s size across different regions and countries...read more at
http://csted.sri.com/projects/global-spa-economy-study

layering  temperatures

Kamchatka- Land of Energy

Kamchatka Peninsula, the mysterious part of the Russian Federation, is one of the most remote and volcanically active regions on Earth. Situated along the Pacific coast, 900-mile-long peninsula (roughly the size of California) is the part of “Ring of Fire” with the nearly 200 volcanoes, 29 of which are active. Geologically extremely dynamic, Kamchatka is undoubtedly a prime spot for the world’s earth scientists and volcanologists. There are volcanoes and volcanic peaks, cyclones and underground heat created here a mixture of twenty climate zones and a great variety of flora and fauna with the main attractions of Kamchatka: volcanic calderas, stone sculpture “parks” and lakes in craters, geysers and mineral springs, all in pristine condition.  Located closer to Los Angeles rather than to Moscow, Kamchatka peninsula can be reached by air only.During the 20^th century, most of

the urban activity was centered on the large military and naval establishment of the Soviet Eastern Command; only 400,000 people were allowed to live there: all of which were military related. However, in 1991, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, Westerners and other outsiders were permitted for the first time in over half a century to visit Kamchatka.

Kamchatka is a true phenomenon. Firstly, it is really aged country: one can feel the timeless power of the nature there, staying in the sight of the thousands years old volcanoes. At the same time Kamchatka is still full of the energy, which is running out to the  annual earthquakes. Besides hiking, and fishing, the big tourism attraction in Kamchatka is balneology- the most unique experiences on the peninsula: for recreational as well as medical purposes. There are about 200 mineral water springs and 160 of it are the hot water springs. Most of the volcanoes, hot water springs and geysers are located at the eastern part of the peninsula.Sublime is the only word to describe the pleasure of sinking back into a natural hot spring. Kamchatka’s volcanic birthright bestows on the peninsula hundreds of wild hot springs, some of which, have been “tamed” and developed to wonderful hot swimming pools. These “spa places” have old and well-establishes therapeutic traditions. Depending on the chemical composition of the mineral waters and spring gas, availability of peat and sulfurous mud, and climatic conditions, each sanitarium is designated for the treatment of special diseases.

The Second Law of Thermodynamics

The second law of thermodynamics as a unifying theme of geosciences. read more at
http://serc.carleton.edu/earthandmind/posts/secondlaw.html
Integrated Geoscience Investigation and Geothermal Exploration. read more at
http://www.yourownpower.com/Downloads/GREDIII.pdf
Geothermal environment. read more at
http://serc.carleton.edu/research_education/yellowstone/geothermal_environments.html
Vapor-dominant geothermal systmes. read more at
http://pangea.stanford.edu/ERE/pdf/IGAstandard/SGW/1990/Ramey.pdf

Geyser Valley on the Kamchatka Peninsula

Geothermal Ecology

The process of extracting geothermal fluids (which include gases, steam and water) for power generation typically removes heat from natural reservoirs at over 10 times their rate of replenishment. read more at

http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/geothermal-energy/5

Geothermal Biodiversity in Geothermal Fields of Kamchatka peninsula. Terrestrial hot springs in Kamchatka with different temperatures (55-90 C) ans acidity (pH 2.0-8.5) were screened for the presence of thermophilic microorganisms responsible for different anaerobic lithotrophic processes: methanogenesis, acetogenesis, sulfur reduction, anaerobic oxidation of CO, reduction...read more at

http://www.inmi.ru/documents/Bonch-Os regmol_99.pdf 

Лаборатория геологии геотермальных полей Института вулканологии и сейсмологии ДВО РАН read more at  http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/lggp/index.html

The Geothermal Eco System. Indeed, there are some specialized microbes that thrive in these hot waters. These microbes are first and foremost affected by these thermal features. These hot environments are necessary for them to live and reproduce...read more at http://www.greenibis.com/edu/geo/frames/ecosystem.html

http://g-to-g.com/index.php?version=eng&module=3&page=3

Direct or non-electric utilization of geothermal energy is the immediate use of the heat energy rather than to its conversion to electrical energy. Some of the primary form of direct use include swimming, bathing and balneology (therapeutic use), agriculture (mainly greenhouse heating and some animal husbandry),aquaculture (mainly fish pond and raceway heating), industrial processes, etc. http://www.digtheheat.com/geothermal/geothermal_agriculture.html

http://www1.eere.energy.gov/geothermal/directuse.html
http://www.digtheheat.com/geothermal/geothermal_aquaculture.html

Earthworks

Earthworks

Projected Force